Background Immune-mediated processes leading to childhood type 1 diabetes may begin in fetal life. We hypothesised that a ...

Background Child dental caries is highly prevalent worldwide, with significant treatment costs, but its broader societal ...

Methods This study used data from 208 309 observations collected between 2006 and 2021 from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. Neighbourhood disadvantage was measured via a ...

Background The secular trend of dementia incidence is an important input parameter in projecting the future burden of dementia in a population. The estimated disease burden informs health and social ...

Background Residential segregation is considered a social determinant of health, but there is limited evidence of its impact on tuberculosis (TB). We investigated the associations between municipality ...

He came back. Third time in two months. First with a fever, then a rash, now wheezing. Each time, I prescribed what I could. Each time, his mother nodded, thanked me, and left. Today, I looked closer.

Background Electrification of the light vehicle fleet is a core component of decarbonisation policy globally. As transport is an important determinant of health, this process will likely impact a ...

Aims Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use by youth remains a significant public health concern. Perceived risk is an important predictor of adolescent ENDS use. While state policies have ...

Background The link between housing and health is well established and long-standing, however much of the evidence relies on self-reported health measures. While these are useful, the availability of ...

Background Negative associations between neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and health are well documented. However, limited longitudinal evidence exists on the dynamic nature of the ...

Results Of 970 470 children born to 625 856 mothers, 3.4% (N=32 647) had ≥1 maternal substance use problem records in the first 1000 days, including alcohol use (N=13 637; 1.4%) and other drug use ...