Aging is one of the fundamental processes of life, observed not only in multicellular organisms but also in unicellular eukaryotes and even in bacteria. 1 Despite many years of research, the cause and ...

A new study led by Jay Ague, professor of earth and planetary sciences at Yale, has provided crucial insights into the role of oxidation in volcanic formation. The team behind the study is an ...

The role of the redox state of the apoplast in hormone responses, signaling cascades, and gene expression was studied in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants with modified cell wall-localized ...

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction while undergoing no permanent change at the end of the reaction. In order to understand the performance of catalysts, it is important to ...

Most chemists would describe titanium dioxide as an ionic compound composed of Ti 4+ and two O 2–. Not so, suggests a theoretical analysis: TiO 2 is better described with the charge states Ti 3+ and O ...