In various contexts, for practical, philosophical, and logical reasons, there is a default assumption. In the criminal justice system, for example, someone is presumed innocent until proven guilty. T ...

Research and statistical analysis help us understand how the world works, how effective medications and treatments are, what influences our health, the best approach for business practices, and much ...

If the P value is less than 5%, reject the null hypothesis; if the P value is .05 or more, don't reject the null hypothesis. Statistics textbooks -- and statisticians for that matter -- focus almost ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

In the decades since its introduction, the neutral theory of evolution has become central to the study of evolution at the molecular level, in part because it provides a way to make strong predictions ...

Did you ever wonder why 19th century pirates are often represented wearing eye patches? I never did, because I assumed that it was for the obvious reason: they had lost an eye. Pirates, like many ...