Formal methods are a suite of mathematically grounded techniques that underpin the design, specification, and verification of programming languages and software systems.

Many computer scientists have invented alternative programming techniques that attempt to solve these problems, only to be shunned by an establishment uncomfortable with thinking about programming ...

We conducted an experiment on a college computer-programming course to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only improves the ...

An introduction to the programming principles, methods and techniques of computer graphics. The course covers general graphics methods and techniques, graphics transformations, drawing algorithms, 3D ...

Formal methods offer a mathematically rigorous framework for the specification, development and verification of programming languages and software systems.