(a) Solidification pathway and schematic diagrams of crystal growth during the directional solidification process (b) without and (c) with a high magnetic field at low velocity and with a high ...

ITHACA, N.Y. -- Just as a snowflake’s intricate structure vanishes when it melts and transforms when it refreezes, the microstructure of metals can change during the 3D printing process, resulting in ...

Solidification cracking is a defect that arises during the last stage of weld metal solidification, when tensile stresses act upon a semi-solid mixture of solid grains and residual liquid. As an alloy ...

Researchers observed how metal microstructures evolve during 3D printing, offering insights to improve strength, reliability, and design of advanced components. In a form of additive manufacturing, ...

LEMONT, Ill.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--In one form of additive manufacturing, complex metal parts are built one ultra-thin layer at a time — similar to frosting a cake, but with far greater precision and ...

Metals are made of randomly oriented crystals at the microscopic-length scale. The alignment of the crystal faces creates an infinite number of configurations and complex patterns, making simulations ...

Many consider lithium metal to be the most crucial material for negative electrodes in lithium-based batteries. This is because it has an extremely high capacity to store energy—3,860 mAh g −1 —which ...