Charlemagne supposedly said that to have another language is to possess a second soul. As AI quietly standardizes legal language across industries, it may be creating exactly that: a second soul for ...

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced in recent years, greatly enhancing the capabilities of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. However, challenges such as semantic ...

According to the ministry, this marks an important step in completing a unified system for assessing language competence, supporting comprehensive education reform and Vietnam’s deepening ...

Language proficiency assessment frameworks provide structured scales for evaluating and describing individuals’ capabilities in a second or foreign language. These frameworks typically comprise a ...