A variable is an event, idea, value or some other object or category that a researcher or business can measure. Variables can be dependent or independent. Dependent variables vary by the factors that ...

Let (Ω, F, P) be a probability space, and let X be a random variable defined on (Ω, F, P). If A is a sub σ-field of F, then E(X ∣ A) is the a.s. unique A measurable function such that, for all A ε A, ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

In a controlled experiment, researchers meticulously manipulate one or more variables to determine their effect on another ...