In science, people commonly use the terms "hypertonic" and "hypotonic" when describing the concentration of solute particles in solutions. But what exactly is the difference when it comes to ...

In general, 0.25% saline is rarely used as a hydration fluid by itself. Because of the tonicity gradient, free water would enter the red blood cells, causing them to swell. This could lead to cell ...

To assess the effect and toxicity of hypotonic cisplatin treatment (HPT) consisting of the intrapleural administration of cisplatin in distilled water for malignant pleural effusion in patients with ...

Standards of practice should be established for postoperative IV solutions used to hydrate patients—particularly children. The standards should acknowledge that the administration of solutions with ...

IT was noted by Kölliker 1 that treatment of mammalian spermatozoa with water brings about coiling and spiralization of their tails. The present investigation, chiefly made on ejaculated bull ...