Introduction. Anti „nucleolar” antibodies are estimated to be present in about 5–10% of anti‑nuclear antibodies‑positive (ANA), but only in about 15% of cases (sometimes in lower percentages) it is ...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder uniformly characterized by the production of autoantibodies directed against a host of cellular proteins. Several of these ...